TurfNet TV - Latest Video is Live...

In my latest ONCOURSETurf video production for TurfNet.com I discuss having a tour of your maintenance facility operation for club committees and even an open house for your membership. These tours always leave an amazing impression on your members. Don't ever be afraid to...showcase your operation. Take a look HERE As always, thanks to my supporting sponsor www.tantoirrigation.com and thanks for watching!

Presenting in Buffalo, NY

Really excited to be headed to Buffalo, New York for a presentation at the Western Regional Conference, sponsored by the Western New York Golf Course Superintendents Association. Looking forward to meeting many new superintendents and seeing a couple of great old friends of the industry in that area. I'll be presenting "Turf Tips - Thinking Outside the Box". So, okay greater Buffalo area superintendents....get ready... I'm coming at you soon... can't wait!

Vole Control on the Golf Course

There is no debating the fact that one of the biggest issues for superintendents in the mountain west are those little pesky voles. Voles are rodents and a relative of the mouse. There are over 100 species of voles. The meadow vole is responsible for the bulk of the damage in a turfgrass situation. Voles are herbivores and the majority of their diet consists of grass stems and leaves. In the summertime voles migrate to thick taller grassy/native areas for protection against predators. However, when snowfall arrives they have protection under snow cover and this is the time they migrate to fine turf areas and can cause damage. This makes golf course turfgrass very susceptible to damage during wintertime period. Voles cause turf damage by chewing grass plants extremely low to the ground. They chew so low they cause damage to the crown of the plant. Voles also create runways in the winter, first by chewing the plants, then by using these to forage for additional food each day. These runways can see extensive traffic throughout the winter as voles forage each day on 10-15 trips through these runways.

Vole Damage in a fairway situation with no Milorganite applied. 

Generally speaking, voles don’t directly kill the turf plant. Although if they damage the crown of the plant extensively, it is possible. The main issue with vole damage is the slow recovery of the turf in the spring. With the combination of cold soil temperatures and damaged turf plants in the spring, recovery can be extremely slow. The other issue with vole damage is its effect on playability. When a golf ball lands in one of the vole tunnels it can nestle down and make for a very poor lie. So until complete recovery occurs playability suffers.

Vole Damage to Kentucky Bluegrass tee surrounds. The tee surface received
 an application of Milorganite and sand topdressing and is not touched!

Controlling voles is extremely difficult if not impossible. Over the year’s superintendents have tried many different products with minimal success. One product I found which shows some vole repellency is Milorganite fertilizer. I discovered this primarily by accident. I have used Milorganite fertilizer for many years as a dormant feed on greens, tees, and fairways. What I didn’t realize was all those years of apply Milorganite, I was also repelling voles in those areas. 

All the years we applied Milorganite to the fairways we were getting
a side benefit of vole control, which we really discovered in 2014.

This came to light during the winter of 2014-15. That fall we had early snow cover and only finished 11 fairways with our Milorganite application. That spring we had extensive vole damage on fairways that didn’t receive the Milorganite application. We also noticed that spring that late season topdressing applications also reduced vole damage. With this in mind, we decided to apply Milorganite to the rough as well in the fall of 2015. We also set-up some small test areas with check plots to test our theory.

Some testing I performed in some grassy hollows which every year suffers
from vole damage. No Milorganite applied on the left and 0.75#N/M applied
to the right. Totally clean from any damage with the Milorganite.

In the spring of 2016 we were amazed at almost the complete lack of vole damage on the property. Our test plots also show without question that Milorganite certainly repels vole activity. We used a rate of 0.75#/N/M in all the rough and in our test areas. The results were fantastic. With this in mind, ONCOURSETurf, LLC set-up some independent testing in the fall of 2017 at some other local golf facilities, Sonnenalp Club and Red Sky Ranch. All test plots were 25 square feet and received a rate of one pound of nitrogen per 1000 square feet. Plots were established in areas of consistent vole damage each spring. Most areas were north facing, which allowed prolonged snow cover. In mid-April this past spring after snowmelt, I was able to observe the results from those test plots. The past winter season was a low pressure vole year, meaning the voles were not as active as other years. The main reason for this was the lack of snowfall and the lack of duration of what snow was received. With voles primarily active under snowcover. No snow cover equals no voles. There was some snow cover however and we did see some positive results with the Milorganite use. The rate used for the test plots was 1#/N/M. Take a look at some of my findings below.

Voles active in the area, but the Milorganite plot stayed clean from any damage.

In this test plot we had heavy vole damage on two sides, but the plot was generally clean.
The arrow shows vole entry into the plot from the right side, but it appears there was
repellency as very minimal damage occurred.
  

Another observation from the test plots was spring green-up. At the time of the test plot observations, soil temperatures were in the high 30's. In the photos below you can already see some spring green up occurring even with these extremely cold soil temperatures.

Initial spring green-up noticed immediately after snowmelt with soil temperatures in the high 30's.

Although it wasn't a high pressure vole year, there were certainly some indications that Milorganite can be effective for vole repellency. Presently, I am in the process of establishing some new testing on some of Colorado's front range courses to study this repellency further. Stay tuned.
Special thanks to Milorganite and WinField United for their support in establishing these test plots. 

To summarize, Milorganite certainly shows some control for vole damage. This fertilizer is a great option for a dormant fertility program with getting additional side effects of vole repellency. Getting two things accomplished with one product, that is a big plus! To read the benefits of Milorganite as a dormant fertility product click HERE

Greens Construction Amendments......

When it comes to USGA greens construction, the addition of rootzone organic amendments can certainly make a major difference during the grow-in/establishment phase. Many times, superintendents are under tremendous pressure to establish new greens as fast as possible and get them ready for play. The use of amendments is a great way to help accomplish this. One organic amendment, Milorganite, has been one of the most used and successful amendments for greens construction for many years. I’ve personally used Milorganite as an amendment in greens construction throughout my career and have seen excellent results. I would personally not perform any greens construction and grow-in without the supplemental use of Milorganite.

Adding an organic amendment such as Milorganite during greens
construction can enhance establishment dramatically. 

Research was conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Madison using various organic fertilizer amendments showed some very interesting results. All plots treated with amendments showed more rapid grow-in than the control plot. The study also found that adding additional organic materials to the rootzone mix increased firmness and stability, improved water retention and water infiltration rates, enhanced color, increased rooting depth and reduced phosphorous deficiency symptoms.

This photo shows the incredible rooting and establishment of a USGA
green I constructed a few years ago with the use of Milorganite. 

As you can see in the graph below, Milorganite amended plots rated numerically higher or, at minimum, equal to the highest treatment, in all categories. Adding Milorganite to the original off-site mix or as an on-site supplement increased the establishment and performance of the new greens construction plots.

As fall golf course renovation hits full stride, consider adding an organic amendment such as Milorganite to your rootzone mix for superior grow-in and establishment of USGA greens construction.

Kevin....Where have you been??

I've had many inquiries of where have I been lately? The blog has been somewhat dormant and I apologize for that. I have been in the process of relocation. I have sold my house in Eagle, Colorado and have moved temporarily to Fort Collins, Colorado. I have been traveling and will continue to do so until I find the right place to land. I plan on traveling through Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Utah, Colorado, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. That's a pretty big list of states, but I'm in no hurry.

I will continue my working relationship with TurfNet, WinField, and Milorganite. I will also continue to work as an agronomist, consulting with golf courses. Being able to work remotely is one of the best things I have experienced, and basically I can live anywhere. 

So now as the dust settles on my move I hope to rekindle the blog and be more active. Sorry for the inactively, but stay tuned and thanks for your support!

Video Archives on TurfNetTV.......

Regularly, I get asked about what happens to my ON COURSE videos at TurfNet.com once they leave the homepage? TurfNet does a great job by keeping them organized and available to view in an archive section. You can view my videos along with others such as Hector's Shop, Randy Wilson, etc. by going to the archive section. To check out the archives, go to the homepage at TurfNet.com and follow the instructional photos below. Thank you for viewing and supporting my video work!

Once on the TurfNet.com homepage, go to the menu at the top of
the page and select TurfNetTV.

From the drop down menu, select ON COURSE with Kevin Ross.

You will now be on the TurfNetTV ON COURSE with Kevin Ross archive page.
Enjoy and thanks for watching.

WinField Educational Event...

Really excited to be part of the WinField educational team headed to Seattle, WA and Portland, OR. This looks like a fun trip with great education on tap. Last year I met many superintendents from the area and hope to do the same this year. Come and join us, it's free. Hope to see you there!

Vole Test Plots Established

A few weeks ago, I had the opportunity to visit with both the Sonnenalp Club and Red Sky Ranch. The purpose of my visit was to establish some test plots for vole repellency/control using Milorganite organic fertilizer. Thanks to Neil Tretter, Sonnenalp Club and Michael Miner, Red Sky Ranch for being such great hosts and allowing me to perform this testing.

All test plots were 25 square feet and received a rate of one pound of nitrogen per 1000 square feet. Plots were established in areas of consistent vole damage each spring. Most areas were north facing, which will allow prolonged snow cover.

For many years I have noticed vole repellency using Milorganite. These test plots will give me a chance to replicate my past results at other facilities. Can't wait till spring to evaluate. 

Special thanks to Milorganite and WinField United for their support in establishing these test plots.

Here I am, being a mad scientist, weighing material for the test plots. 

This particular test plot at Sonnenalp had already seen some vole activity. 

Many test plots were established next to the native grass to obtain 
the most vole activity.

Explaining to Sonnenalp Club superintendent, Neil Tretter about Milorganite.

Preparing a test plot while Neil looks on.

Always fun driving to the Red Sky facility to see how they blended the outside 
of their building to the development.

Besides establishing Milorganite plots, Red Sky Ranch Director of GC Maintenance, 
Mike Miner and myself enjoyed a lot of Turf Talk, while on top of the world! 

Many test plots were established on north facing slopes to hold the snow 
cover the longest. This plot at Red Sky was shaded at 1:15pm.

With the course closed, Red Sky was as peaceful as could be. 
Always felt I'm on the top of the world when visiting here.

Vole Management in Turf

One of the biggest issues for superintendents in the mountain west are those little pesky voles. Voles are rodents and a relative of the mouse. There are over 100 species of voles. The meadow vole is responsible for the bulk of the damage in a turfgrass situation. Voles are herbivores and the majority of their diet consists of grass stems and leaves. In the summertime voles migrate to thick taller grassy areas for protection against predators. However, when snowfall arrives they have protection under the snow and this is the time they migrate to fine turf areas and cause damage. This makes golf course turf very susceptible to wintertime damage. Voles cause turf damage by chewing grass plants extremely low to the ground and can chew so low they cause damage to the crown of the plant. Voles also create runways in the winter, first by chewing the plants, then by using these to forage for additional food each day. These runways can see extensive traffic throughout the winter as voles forage each day on 10-15 trips.

Vole Damage in a fairway situation with no Milorganite applied. 

Most of the time voles don’t directly kill the turf plant, although if they damage the crown extensively it is possible. The main issue with vole damage is the slow recovery of the turf in the spring. With the combination of cold soil temperatures and damaged turf plants, recovery can be extremely slow. The other issue with vole damage is its effect on playability. When a golf ball lands in one of the vole tunnels, it can nestle down and make for a very poor lie. So until complete recovery happens playability suffers.

Vole Damage to Kentucky Bluegrass tee surrounds. The tee surface received
 an application of Milorganite and sand topdressing and is not touched!

Controlling voles is extremely difficult if not impossible. Over the year’s superintendents have tried many different products with minimal success. One product I found which shows some vole repellency is Milorganite fertilizer. I discovered this primarily by accident. I have used Milorganite fertilizer for many years as a dormant feed on greens, tees, and fairways. What I didn’t realize was all those years of apply Milorganite, I was also repelling voles in those areas. 

All the years we applied Milorganite to the fairways we were getting
a side benefit of vole control, which we really discovered in 2014.

This came to light during the winter of 2014-15. That fall we had early snow cover and only finished 11 fairways with our Milorganite application. That spring we had extensive vole damage on fairways that didn’t receive the Milorganite application. We also noticed that spring that late topdressing applications also reduced vole damage. With this in mind, we decided to apply Milorganite to the rough as well in the fall of 2015. We also set-up some small test areas with check plots to test our theory.

Some testing I performed in some grassy hollows which every year suffers
from vole damage. No Milorganite applied on the left and 0.75#N/M applied
to the right. Totally clean from any damage with the Milorganite.

In the spring of 2016 we were amazed at almost the complete lack of vole damage on the property. Our test plots also show without question that Milorganite certainly repels vole activity. We used rate of 0.75#/N/M in all the rough and in our test areas. The results were fantastic. Not only do you repel voles, you also get the benefits of a great dormant fertilizer application HERE: https://oncourseturf.blogspot.com/2017/10/dormant-fertilization.html . Getting two things accomplished with one product, that is a big plus!